Oslo, the capital of Norway, sits at the head of the long Oslofjord in the south of the country, ringed by forested hills, at approximately 59.91°N, 10.75°E. Tucked deep inside the fjord and away from the open Atlantic, it has a Baltic, semi-continental climate on the boundary of humid continental and oceanic — cold, snowy winters and mild, pleasant summers — with a wider temperature range than Norway's milder, rainier west coast.

Summer, from June to August, is mild to pleasantly warm, with July the warmest month — average highs around 22–23°C and cool nights, and warm spells that can occasionally exceed 25–30°C. The far-northern latitude brings very long days and luminous near-'white nights' around the June solstice. Atlantic fronts still bring their share of showers — there are around 10 rainy days even in the summer months — but it is comfortably the best and sunniest time of year.

Winter, from December to February, is cold and snowy, with January the coldest month — average highs around freezing and lows near -6 to -7°C. Mild Atlantic air can occasionally bring thaws and rain, but cold outbreaks from Russia can plunge temperatures toward -20°C or below. Snow blankets the city and surrounding forests for much of the season, and midwinter days are short, with only about six hours of daylight, making Oslo a genuine winter-sports city.

Oslo receives moderate precipitation of around 760–830 mm a year, well distributed but with a clear maximum in summer and autumn and a drier spell in late winter and spring — a more continental pattern than the rain-soaked west coast. A good share of the cold-season total falls as snow, which lies for months. Live rainfall, humidity, and pressure readings for the city are shown in the panels above.

Oslo's sheltered position deep inside the Oslofjord, far from the open ocean, is what gives it its semi-continental character — colder, snowier winters and warmer, drier summers than the mild, wet Atlantic coast around Bergen. The surrounding forested hills and reliable winter snow put ski trails within the city limits, while the long summer daylight and the fjord define the warm season.

To follow any single measurement in Oslo more closely, use our live instruments: the online barometer for atmospheric pressure, the thermometer for temperature, the hygrometer for humidity, the anemometer for wind speed, the wind vane for wind direction, and the rain gauge for rainfall.