Ljubljana, the capital of Slovenia, sits in a basin in the centre of the country, ringed by the Alps to the north and the Dinaric mountains to the south, at approximately 46.06°N, 14.51°E. Its enclosed basin position gives it a humid continental climate (Köppen Cfb/Dfb) — warm summers, cold winters — and heavy rainfall and persistent fog.

Summer, from June to August, is warm and humid, with July and August the warmest — average highs around 27–28°C — and heatwaves that can exceed 35°C. It is among the wettest seasons, with frequent and often heavy afternoon thunderstorms building over the surrounding mountains, and the nights cool pleasantly in the basin.

Winter, from December to February, is cold and grey, with January the coldest month — average highs around 3°C and lows near -3°C, with cold snaps below -10°C. Snow falls and can lie for weeks. The basin readily traps cold, stagnant air, so Ljubljana is one of the foggiest cities in Europe, with fog persisting for days on end.

Ljubljana is wet, receiving around 1,350–1,400 mm of precipitation a year — among the highest of any European capital — spread through every month with autumn and summer maxima, as the surrounding mountains wring rain from moist Adriatic and Atlantic air. Live rainfall, humidity, and pressure readings for the city are shown in the panels above.

Ljubljana's mountain-ringed basin makes it both one of the wettest and one of the foggiest capitals in Europe: the surrounding ranges force incoming air upward to release heavy rain, while in winter the basin traps cold, stagnant air and dense fog that can shroud the city for days without lifting.

To follow any single measurement in Ljubljana more closely, use our live instruments: the online barometer for atmospheric pressure, the thermometer for temperature, the hygrometer for humidity, the anemometer for wind speed, the wind vane for wind direction, and the rain gauge for rainfall.